Basset Hound Dog Breed

History

During the Middle Ages, it was believed that the ancestors of Basset Hounds were initially bred by French monks, particularly at the Abbey of St Hubert in the Ardennes region. At the time, monasteries were knowledge and education centres. They also bred dogs for wealthy clientele, one of which was the St Hubert’s Hound. However, there are engravings that date back to Ancient Egypt showing hound-type dogs with short, stocky bodies.

In 1632, the St Hubert’s Hound was described in the French-English dictionary by Randle-Cotgrave's:

“Chien de St Hubert, a kind of strong, short-legged hound, and deep-mouthed.”

Their unique appearance gave them a number of advantages over more traditional hunting dogs, especially because they could be used by hunters on foot rather than on horseback. Their long ears were also thought to concentrate the scent they were tracking.

There is evidence that these hounds were imported to British shores in the 15th century by King James IV of Scotland. They were used to drive game out into the open ground for huntsmen. They were even mentioned in Shakespeare’s Midsummer Nights’ Dream. The Basset Hounds we know today can be traced back to the 19th century when French hounds were brought back to the United Kingdom by Sir Everett Millais and crossed with a Bloodhound female. During this time, people began to keep breed records.

In 1585, the word “basset” was used for the first time, referring to dogs when Jacques de Fouilloux Venerie described the hounds used to track badgers. He also described how these dogs with smooth coats and crooked legs worked better through the brushwood, whereas those with rougher coats and straighter legs worked better in open ground, which are believed to be the early Griffon Bassets.

Marquis de Lafayette, a French noble, gave seven large hounds to George Washington, who at that time was a fan of this breed and eager to improve them. These hounds were strong and intense and could not be fed together as they could injure each other. Sadly, the hounds suffered in numbers as their masters, the ruling classes, were put to death. Many types of hounds disappeared altogether, which include the loyal and robust St. Hubert line.

As years passed, their numbers plummeted until only two types remained: the Basset Griffon Vendeen and the Basset Artesien Normand. In 1866, the very first “Bassets” were introduced on the British shores brought by Count le Coulteux de Cantleu. These dogs were named Belle and Basset and were gifted to Lord Galway. They were described as large, low hounds similar to the Dachshund. Moreover, they had the same coat colours as the Foxhound. Lord Galway and Lord Onslow, another hound enthusiast, continued to develop the dog breed. In 1880, the breed was finally recognised by the Kennel Club.

The Basset Hound Club was officially formed in 1884. Their main goal was to encourage more breeding of these exceptional dogs for showing and hunting purposes. The dog breed was very popular with the Royals, particularly Princess Alexandra. Sadly, it was affected by the First World War, which pushed the club to close its doors in 1921. Good thing the Basset Hound did not vanish, thanks to a few breed enthusiasts. During the Second World War, the breed survived thanks to the big efforts of Peggy Keevil.

The Basset Hound Club was reformed in 1954 and in 2010, the breed standard that was established in the 19th century was updated.

Personality

These calm dogs are tenacious when they are in the field working. This comes from their ancient lineage. Their hunting instincts remain strong even in a home environment. But they are also placid dogs by nature and rarely show any type of aggression. The Basset Hound is a wonderful canine companion with a very loving and affectionate side.

However, these dogs can be stubborn at times, especially when they are tracking a scent. They are known to ignore any command until they’ve found what they’re looking for. So, although they make good companions for novice owners, they do need a lot of patience and understanding. They need a human companion who knows how to train and socialise them. To be truly happy, these dogs need to know who the alpha in the household is.

Basset Hounds are very loyal dogs, and they usually enjoy being around people and other animals. It is worth noting, though, that these dogs are pack animals. So, if they are not handled and trained correctly, they may exhibit a more dominant side.

Generally, these dogs are placid and easy-going when surrounded by the people they love. So much so, that they are known to be on the lazy side. However, they do have a loud ringing bark which shows itself when the dog is bored or excited. Make sure these dogs get enough mental and physical stimulation to remain happy.

Coat & Care

This breed is easy maintenance in the grooming department because of their short, close-lying coats. Weekly brushing is enough to keep their coat healthy and in tiptop condition. Bathing should only be done when it is truly necessary because over-bathing can strip the natural oils from the coat. Ask your vet for a dog-specific shampoo with the right pH balance to cater to your dog’s needs.

Basset hounds have long ears which makes them prone to developing ear infections. So, you should regularly check them to make sure they remain clean and dry. Clean their ears at least once a week with a cotton wool ball or clean cloth, and a vet-approved ear cleaner.

Trim their nails once a month (or as needed) to keep them tidy and in good condition. This is especially important for Basset hounds because their placid natures can prevent them from wearing down their nails naturally. While you trim their nails, inspect their paw pads to check they are injury and dirt-free.

Daily dental hygiene is best to avoid tooth and gum diseases and bad breath. Though, twice a week brushing is enough to eliminate any tartar and bacteria buildup. Ask for advice from your veterinarian on which dental products work best to clean their teeth, gums, tongue, and mouth. Furthermore, it’s worth speaking to your vet about the best diet for your dog because Basset Hounds are prone to obesity.

Moreover, examine the body as you groom your Basset Hound for any rashes, inflammation, wounds, and other signs that they may have an infection. Their eyes must be healthy and clear without soreness or discharge.

Children & Other Pets

Basset Hounds are known to be very fond and tolerant of children. However, remember that you should always supervise any interaction to prevent injury to either party.

As mentioned, these placid dogs enjoy the company of other animals. They generally get along well with other dogs and can even get on with cats if they have grown up together. Bear in mind, that Basset Hounds are natural hunters, so smaller pets may be seen as prey.